张元明 男，汉族，1972年10月生，研究员，博士生导师。中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所所长，中科院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室主任。国家中青年科技创新领军人才“万人计划”。新疆植物学会理事长。《干旱区研究》副主编、《生物多样性》、《植物生态学报》、Journal of Arid Land编委。

学历教育：

中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所理学博士(2002)，中国科学院新疆生物土壤沙漠研究所理学硕士(1998)，新疆师范大学生物系理学学士(1995)。

工作经历：

1998-至今：中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所。

研究方向：

干旱区植物生态、荒漠生态系统功能。

承担项目：

主持多项国家重大科研项目,包括国家重点研发计划项目首席、国家自然科学基金重大研究计划首席、中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目首席、973计划课题、科技部国家重大国际合作项目课题等。

（1）国家重点研发计划项目：天山退化野果林生态系统生态保育与健康调控关键技术，执行期：2016-2020；经费1300万元。

（2）国家自然科学基金：生物土壤结皮群落属性对荒漠生态系统多功能性的影响，执行期：2016-2019；经费75万元。

（3）国家基金委-新疆联合基金优秀青年人才培养专项: 生物结皮的人工培养与受损荒漠地表的生态修复，执行期间: 2013-2016；经费:100万元。

（4）国家973项目课题: 干旱区碳同化过程与地气界面碳交换，执行期间: 2009-2013;经费505万元。

（5）国家重大国际合作项目课题: 中亚区域植被/生态系统对气候变化的响应与适应，执行期间: 2011-2013；经费:300万元。

专家类别：

研究员

获奖及荣誉：

全国优秀青年植物学工作者、新疆第二届青年科技奖、新疆五四青年奖章、中国科学院王宽诚西部学者突出贡献奖，自治区天山英才工程入选者。获自治区科技进步一等奖2项。2016年入选国家中青年科技创新领军人才“万人计划”。

代表论著：

1. Zhao Pan, William G. Pitt, Yuanming Zhang, Nan Wu, Ye Tao, Tadd T. Truscott*. The upside-down water collection system of Syntrichia caninervis. Nature Plants, 2016, 2(7):16076 DOI:10.1038/nplants.2016.76

2. Zhang Yuanming*, Zhou Xiaobing, and Yin Benfeng. Sensitivity of the xerophytic moss Syntrichia caninervis to chronic simulated nitrogen deposition. Annals of Botany, 2016, 117：53-61. DOI:10.1093/ aob/mcw05.

3. Zhou Xiaobing , Zhang Yuanming*, Yin Benfeng. Divergence in physiological responses between cyanobacterial and lichen crusts to a gradient of simulated nitrogen deposition. Plant and Soil, 2016, 399:21-34 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-015-2687-y.

4. Zhang Bingchang, Li Renhui, Xiao Peng, Yangui Su and Zhang Yuanming*. Cyanobacterial composition and spatial distribution based on pyrosequencing data in the Gurbantunggut Desert, Northwestern China. Journal of Basic Microbiology, 2016, DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201500226.

5. Zhang Bingchang, Kong Weidong, Wu Nan, Zhang Yuanming*. Bacterial diversity and community along the succession of biological soil crusts in the Gurbantunggut Desert, Northern China. Journal of Basic Microbiology, 2016, 56: 1-10. DOI 10.1002/jobm.201500751.

6. Yin Benfeng, Zhang Yuanming*. Physiological regulation of Syntrichia caninervis Mitt. in different microhabitats during period of snow in the Gurbantunggut desert, northwestern China. Journal of Plant Physiology, 2016, 194: 13-22.

7. Zhang Yuanming*, Jayne Belnap. Growth responses of five desert plants as influenced by biological soil crusts from a temperate desert, China. Ecological Research, 2015, 30:1037–1045. DOI 10.1007/s11284-015-1305-z.

8. Wu Lin, Zhang Yuan Ming*, Zhang Jing, Downing Alison. Precipitation intensity is the primary driver of moss crust-derived CO2 exchange: implication for soil C balance in a temperate desert of northern China. European Journal of Soil Biology, 2015 (67): 27-34.

9. Zhuang WW, Serpe M, Zhang YM*. The effect of lichen-dominated biological soil crusts on growth and physiological characteristics of three plant species in a temperate desert of northwest China. Plant Biology, 2015 (17) 1165–1175.

10. Zhang Jing, Zhang Yuanming*. Diurnal variations of chlorophyll fluorescence and CO2 exchange of biological soil crusts in different successional stages in the Gurbantunggut Desert of north-western China. Ecological Research. 2014, DOI: 10.1007/s11284-013-1122-1.

11. Wu Nan, Zhang Yuanming*, Alison Downing, Zachary T. Aanderud, Ye Tao and Steven Williams. Rapid adjustment of leaf angle explains how the desert moss, Syntrichia caninervis, copes with multiple resource limitations during rehydration. Functional Plant Biology, 2014, 41, 168–177.

12. Xiaobing Zhou, Yuanming Zhang*. Seasonal pattern of soil respiration and gradual changing effects of nitrogen addition in a soil of the Gurbantunggut Desert, northwestern China. Atmospheric Environment, 2014, 85: 187-194.

13. Xiaobing Zhou, Yuanming Zhang*, Karl J. Niklas. Sensitivity of growth and biomass allocation patterns to increasing nitrogen: a comparison between ephemerals and annuals in the Gurbantunggut Desert, north-western China. Annals of Botany, 2014, 113: 501–511.

14. Zhuang WW, Alison D, Zhang YM*. The influence of biological soil crusts on 15N translocation in soil and vascular plant in a temperate desert of Northwestern China. Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, doi: 10.1093/jpe/rtu033.

15. Xiaobing Zhou, Yuanming Zhang*. Temporal dynamics of soil oxidative enzyme activity across a simulated gradient of nitrogen deposition in the Gurbantunggut Desert, Northwestern China. Geoderma, 2014, 213: 261-267.

16. Su Yangui, Wu Lin, Zhou Zhibin, Liu Yaobin, Zhang Yuanming*. Carbon flux in deserts depends on soil cover type: A case study in the Gurbantunggute desert, North China. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2013, 58: 332-340.

17. Su Yangui , WuLin, ZhangYuanming*. Characteristics of carbon flux in two biologically crusted soils in the Gurbantunggut Desert, Northwestern China. Catena, 2012, 96: 41–48.

18. Zhou Xiaobing, Zhang Yuanming*, Alison Downing. Non-linear response of microbial activity across a gradient of nitrogen addition to a soil from the Gurbantunggut Desert, northwestern China. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2012, 47: 67-77.

19. Zhou Xiaobing, Zhang Yuanming*, Ji Xuehua,et al. Combined effects of nitrogen deposition and water stress on growth and physiological responses of two annual desert plants in northwestern China. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2011, 74: 1–8

20. Zhang Yuanming*, Wu Nan, Zhang Bingchang, Zhang Jing. Species composition, distribution patterns and ecological functions of biological soil crusts in the Gurbantunggut Desert. Journal of Arid Land, 2010, 2(3): 180-189.

21. Zhang J, Zhang Y M*, Alison D et al. The influence of biological soil crusts on dew deposition in Gurbantunggut Desert, Northwestern China. Journal of Hydrology, 2009, 379: 220-228.

22. Zhang B.C., Zhang Y.M. *, Zhao J.C. et al. Microalgal species variation at different successional stages in biological soil crusts of the Gurbantunggut Desert, Northwestern China. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2009, 45: 539-547.

23. Zhang Yuanming*, Wang Hongling, Wang Xueqin, Yang Weikang, Zhang Daoyuan. The microstructure of microbiotic crust and its influence on wind erosion for a sandy soil surface in the Gurbantunggut Desert of Northwestern China.Geoderma, 2006,132: 441-449

24. Zhang Yuanming*, Y.N. Chen and B.R. Pan Distribution and floristics of desert plant communities in the lower reaches of Tarim River, southern Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China. Journal of Arid Environments, 2005, 63: 772-784.

25. Zhang Y.M.*, Chen J., Wang L., Wang X.Q., Gu Z.H. The spatial distribution patterns of biological soil crusts in the Gurbantunggut Desert, Northern Xinjiang, China. Journal of Arid Environments, 2007, 68: 599-610.

26. Zhang Yuanming*. The microstructure and formation of biological soil crusts in their early developmental stage.Chinese Science Bulletin. 2005, 50(2): 117-121.

27. 张元明, 王雪芹. 准噶尔荒漠生物结皮研究. 北京：科学出版社，2008.

28. 张元明，李耀明、沈观冕. 中亚植物资源及其利用. 中国气象出版社，2013.